[helen s]

I am in year 11 and just going to start my revision for the dreaded GCSEs.

I am doing OCR modern world (core content Germany).

I know I have to revise ....
TOV, LON, Causes ofWW2
Germany (how did Hitler come to power, how did he consolodate his power, Hitler's germany, opposition, Holocaust)

Paper 2 - either on Liberal reforms or suffragettes

I was going to ask my teacher but she is not in school bceause she is ill and might not be back.

If you could help me and give me an idea how to structure my revision and what methods I can use to revise I am a visual and kinesthetik learner if that helps. We haven’t got any help from school im really stuck and I am planning on doing history next year and I am predicted a A/B grade.

Thanks in advance
xxxxx

[MrJohnDClare]

You will find loads of stuff, not only on the facts but on how to revise etc. on www.johndclare.net - aimed at AQA but will do just as well for OCR in that regard.
Don't forget to click on the 'advice for pupils', and see this page for an approach to revision.
You might also want to try the bbc bitesize stuff.

I have also just been given some model answers by Dr Nick Dennis on OCR Germany questions (he saw your question and thought they would help you - you are VERY honoured) and which I have posted on my website at http://www.johndclar...y1_DrDennis.htm.

Hope this helps

[helen s]

Thanks very much for that especially the model answers. I am right in saying I dont have to revise the cold war?? And I have done some revision, made spider diagram using colour, answred questions from textbook thing but have yopu got any more ideas on what I could do? (especially for section on Causes of WW2). Also how much depth do I have to no Germany in? and in paper two what topic(s) are most likely to come up? (because i remember being told something about it isnt likely to be the 1 from last year but i cant remember).

Sorry to be a pain, thanks again
luv helen xxx

[MrJohnDClare]

helen s, on Apr 7 2007, 12:00 PM, said:

I am right in saying I dont have to revise the cold war?? ...
Also how much depth do I have to no Germany in? and in paper two what topic(s) are most likely to come up?

Sorry helen - can't answer these questions, and I doubt if you'll find any teacher on the forum who will, because we don;t know what you've been taught and told by your own teacher.
If you ask your own teacher, I'm sure they'll tell you much better than we can guess.

Quote

And I have done some revision, made spider diagram using colour, answred questions from textbook thing but have you got any more ideas on what I could do? (especially for section on Causes of WW2).

Try this site: http://www.johndclar...w_to_revise.htm

All the very best, helen - hope it all goes well.

[helen s]

Thanks again, especially for the speady reply.

I have decided I am going to split up the topics tomorrow into smaller sections.

I have got sum coloured pens and a folder to keep my notes in, ill let you know how it goes

Thanks again xxx

[Miss Buxton]

I cover OCR Modern World with Year 11....Paper 1 is a mixture of written answers, some extended and source based questions. It lasts 2 hours. Paper 2 is 1 hour 45 mins and covers source questions on the depth study.

From OCR paper 1 specification

1. Were the Peace Treaties of 1919-23 fair?

• What were the motives and aims of the Big Three at Versailles?
• Why did all of the victors not get everything they wanted?
• What was the immediate impact of the peace treaty on Germany up to 1923?
• Could the treaties be justified at the time?

• The peace treaties of 1919-23 (Versailles, St. Germain, Trianon, Neuilly, Sevres and Lausanne);
• the roles of individuals such as Wilson, Clemenceau and Lloyd George in the peacemaking process;
• the impact of the treaties on the defeated countries;
• contemporary opinions about the treaties.

2. To what extent was the League of Nations a success?

• How successful was the League in the 1920s?
• How far did weaknesses in the League’s organisation make failure inevitable?
• How far did the Depression make the work of the League more difficult?
• Why did the League fail over Manchuria and Abyssinia?

• The League of Nations; strengths and weaknesses in its structure and organisation;
• Successes and failures in peacekeeping during the 1920s;
• other work of the League – refugees; the impact of the World Depression on the work of the League after 1929;
• the failures of the League in Manchuria and Abyssinia.


2. Why had international peace collapsed by 1939?

• What were the long-term consequences of the peace treaties of 1919-23?
• What were the consequences of the failures of the League in the 1930s?
• How far was Hitler’s foreign policy to blame for the outbreak of war in 1939?
• Was the policy of appeasement justified?
• How important was the Nazi-Soviet Pact?
• Why did Britain and France declare war on Germany in September 1939?

• The collapse of international order in the 1930s;
• the increasing militarism of Germany, Italy and Japan;
• Hitler’s foreign policy to 1939;
• the Saar, remilitarization of the Rhineland, Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland;
• the Nazi-Soviet Pact,
• appeasement and the outbreak of war in September 1939.



DEPTH STUDY A: GERMANY, 1919-1945

Key Question 1: Was the Weimar Republic doomed from the start?
Focus Points
How did Germany emerge from defeat in the First World War?
What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on the Republic?
To what extent did the Republic recover after 1923?
What were the achievements of the Weimar period?

Key Question 2: Why was Hitler able to dominate Germany by 1934?
Focus Points
What did the Nazi Party stand for in the 1920s?
Why did the Nazis have little success before 1930?
Why was Hitler able to become Chancellor by 1933?
How did Hitler consolidate his power in 1933-4?

Key Question 3(a): The Nazi regime: how effectively did the Nazis control
Germany, 1933-45?
Focus Points
How much opposition was there to the Nazi regime?
How effectively did the Nazis deal with their political opponents?
How did the Nazis use culture and the mass media to control the people?
Why did the Nazis persecute many groups in German society?

Key Question 3(: The Nazi regime: what was it like to live in Nazi
Germany?
Focus Points
How did young people react to the Nazi regime?
How successful were Nazi policies towards women and the family?
Did most people in Germany benefit from Nazi rule?
How did the coming of war change life in Germany?
Specified Content
The Revolution of 1918 and the establishment of the Republic. The Versailles settlement and
German reactions to it. The Weimar Republic; main political divisions, role of the army.
Political disorder, 1919-23; economic distress and hyper-inflation; the occupation of the Ruhr,
1923. The Stresemann era. Cultural achievements of the Weimar period.
The early years of the Nazi Party; Nazi ideas and methods; the Munich Putsch; the roles of
Hitler and other Nazi leaders. The impact of the Depression on Germany; the political,
economic and social crisis of 1930-33; reasons for the Nazis’ rise to power; Hitler takes power,
the Reichstag Fire and the election of 1933.
Nazi rule in Germany; the Enabling Act; the night of the Long Knives; the death of Hindenburg;
removal of opposition; methods of control and repression; use of culture and the mass media.
Economic policy including rearmament. Different experiences of Nazi rule; women and young
people; anti-semitism, persecution of minorities. Opposition to Nazi rule.
Impact of the Second World War on Germany; conversion to war economy; the Final Solution.


Paper 2: British Depth study

• How was British society changed, 1906-1918?

• Why did the Liberal government introduce reforms to help the young, old and unemployed?
• How effective were these reforms?
• What were the arguments for and against female suffrage?
• How effective were the activities of the suffragists and the suffragettes?
• How did women contribute to the war effort?
• How were civilians affected by the war?
• How effective was government propaganda during the war?
• Why were some women given the vote in 1918?
• What was the attitude of the British people at the end of the war towards Germany and the Paris Peace Conference?

• Reasons for the Liberal reforms;
• poverty in 1906.
• The Childrens’ Charter,
• old age pensions 1909,
• Labour Exchanges 1909,
• the National Insurance Act 1911.
• The arguments for and against female suffrage,
• the WSPU and the NUWSS – their leaders, activities and the reactions of the authorities.
• Women in employment during the First World War,
• the 1918 Representation of the People Act.
• Recruiting.
• New government powers:
• the Defence of the Realm Act, 1914, conscription, rationing, use of propaganda, and their impact on civilian life.
• The mood of the British people at the end of the war and the different attitudes about what should happen to Germany.


I hope this list of topics to look up will help you focus on the exam content....do you have a set textbook? The OCR Modern World book covers all this in depth and has exam type questions to test yourself.

[helen s]

wow thanks Miss Buxton!!!! ye it really helps cos it has broken down my revision for me thanks a lot xx ill let you now ho i get on x

[Miss Buxton]

helen s, on Apr 10 2007, 12:45 PM, said:

wow thanks Miss Buxton!!!! ye it really helps cos it has broken down my revision for me thanks a lot xx ill let you now ho i get on x

Glad it helped! Good luck with your revision and your exams in June. Post again if you need anymore help!

[helen s]

I started my revision now!! Finally and now I have broken it down it doesnt seem as much. I went to WH smith got a revision guide and its pretty handy. i have made flashcards with date and events on and i have to match them up i.e. 1923 reichstag fire. I have also started to answer the syllabus key questions which Miss Buxton wrote out so far I have done the sections on TOV, and LON and have done some germany ones hoping to finish them for monday. I have also spoken to a mate who has a different teacher and they have been given some past questions so i am going to have a go at those this weak. I know this might be a lot to ask and it doesnt matter if you cant but I have copied the answers I wrote to the key questions so far and I am wondering if you could have a look and see if the answers i have are on the right lines or if there is something major I have missed out??? ...

Were the Peace treaties of 1919-1923?

What were the motives and aims of the Big Three at Versailles?
Lloyd George had just won the last election in Britain because he promised in the treaty of Versailles that he would cripple Germany. He however was very self interested and wanted to get Germany back on his feet so Britain could restore trade with Germany. It also was interested in expanding the British Empire by claiming some of Germanys overseas colonies. Woodrow Wilson based his aims around the 14 points some of which were to introduce a league of nations and for all nations to disarm and for self-determination. He and his country however wanted to stay out of European affairs in the 1920s and adopt a policy of isolationism. Clemenceau wanted to cripple Germany because it was the 2nd time in 50 years which Germany had invaded France and so they wanted to make Germany unable to do the same thing again. They wanted Germany to pay for the damage caused to France during WW1.

Why did all the Victors Not Get What They Wanted?
Clemenceau didn’t get what he wanted because he felt that the treaty was to kind to Germany and wanted them to get crippled more. He felt that the amount of reparations, which was set at ₤6.6bn in 1921 wasn’t high enough to pay back what Germany had caused France in WW1. the USA didn’t get all they wanted either for example not all nations agreed to disarm but it did get the league of nations to be set up but Wilson didn’t feel that the terms on Germany would last and that they were to harsh so in future they would want more revenge. Biritain didn’t get all they wanted because they wanted more of Germanys land to extend their empire and they wanted germany not to be weakened as much as it has so that they can still trade with germany.

What was the immediate impact of the treaty on germany up to 1923?
Ecomonomcally germany was in ruins because the amount that repatations where set at in 1921 (₤6.6bn). Germanys military was also greatly affected, they couldn’t have any airoplanes and only 6 battlesships, the rest had to be handed over at Scapa Flow in Scotland but they sank them in protest, also their army was limited to 100,000 men. Germany lost 12% of it population in the land lost in the treaty of Versailles. All germanies colonies became mandates and for example the Saar coal fields were the be run for 15 years by France until a plebscite was held. The Rhineland was also demilitarised and germany was forbidden to untie with Austria. Poland was also given acees to the sea. One of the biggest impact the treaty had was the fact it was a diktat, and the novemeber criminals who singed it didn’t really have a choice even though they may have been stabbing the army in the back germany was in no fit state to go back to war which was the alternative. As part of the TOV germany had to accept article 231, the war guilt clause, this made thema ccept the blame for starting ww1.

Could the treaties be justified at the time?
I think the treaties could be justified because it was one way to end a war and try and stop another one as horrific happen again and you can understand it would be hard to make every country happy, for example the French wanted to cripple germany where as germans couldn’t be crippled that badly otherwise they would want revenge later or as we found out in 1923 when the French invaded the ruhr because germany could not pay its 2nd instalment of reparations, that the reparations where set to high. However, the peace treaties wernt justified because the implications on each country wernt really thought about and mainly the big three (birtian france and usa) aims where the top to be considered, this shows a lot of self interest.

Other peace treaties
The treaty of st germain 1919: dealt with Austria, Austrio hungary was split into Czechslovakia and Yugoslavia, Austria lost land to italy and Austrias army was reduced. She was forbidden to untie with Germany.
The Treaty of Trinian 1920: dealt with hungary, which lost territory to czechslovakia and Yugoslavia and Romania. It had to disarm and lost land and people and industrial raw materials.
The Treaty of Neuilly 1919: dealt with Bulgaria, which lost land to Greece, Romania, Yugoslavia and as a result lost acces to the mediteranian sea, it had to disarm.
The Treaty of Sevres 1920: dealt with turkey, turkey lost what was left of its empire.

The impact of the treaties on defeated countries
Territory: alsance lorraine was returned to France and the Rhineland got demilitarised, the Saar coal fields got ran by france for 15 years and then a plebiscite would be held, Poland became an independent country with access to the sea.
Colonies: All German colonies became mandates under the league of nations. Germany lost all its empire.
Armed Forces: 100,000 men army for Germany, no air force, 6 battleships, no tanks submarines and forbidden to unite with Austria.
War Guilt: Germany had to accept article 231 the war guilt clause for accepting the blame for starting WW1.
Reparations: were set at ₤6.6bn in 1921 to pay for damage caused in ww1.
LON: Germany was not allowed to join because of ww1 and USSR not because it was communist and USA adopted a policy of isolationism so didn’t join.

To What Extent What The LON A Success?
How Successful was the League in the 1920s?
The league was successful because …
Aaland Island Crisis – 1921, Sweden and Finland the league decided to give it to Finland and Sweden accepted. War avoided.
Upper Silesia – 1921, Poland and Germany appealed to League, the league held a plebiscite and the industrial areas where given to Germany and rural areas to Poland. They agreed, war avoided.
Greek invades Bulgaria – 1925, Bulgaria appeals to the league and League condemns Greece and orders them to take troops out of Bulgaria and they agree.
The league wasn’t successful because …
Vilna – 1920 the majority of city were poles so polish army ceased the city so France appealed to LON, Poland and Britain were not prepared to act alone so the league did nothing
Greece and Turkey 1920 – 1922, Greece didn’t want to accept the terms of the treaty of Sevres so they attacked the Greeks and the League failed to stop the war even though one of its main aims was to stop war.
Corfu – 1923, border dispute between Greece and Albania, Italian general murdered whilst doing job and Mussolini wanted to bomber Corfu, Greece appealed to the league, the league condemned Mussolini actions and ordered him to pay reparations, Mussolini persuaded the league to change their mind.

League Weak Structure
The council only met 5 times a year, and if they didn’t like a descions they could veto out of it. The assembly met yearly which isn’t a lot really, the league could impose 1 of 3 sanctions, morally condemn a country, stop trade with a country or invade a country, and because the league didn’t have its own army invading a country never happened because Britain and France where self interested and then if they imposed economic sanctions the countries could always trade with usa who had adopted a policy of isolationism to stay out of European affairs.

Depression made league work more difficult
This is because people lost trust and were very unstable they thought the Lon would keep peace not make people like this and cause more problems than even and the ILO couldn’t really help with all the problems caused by the depression like the inflation.

Why did the LON fail over Manchuria?
Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931. The depression left Japan in crisis it couldn’t even feed people so Japan was trying to be built up by force. China appealed to the league that a year later sent Lord Lytton out to investigate and he found Manchuria should be returned. This was a failure. The league used the excuse that Japan was far away. The sanctions the LON imposed where no effective with USA. Britain wanted to stay on Japans side because it nos Japan is a powerful country. The league was powerless is a strong nation was aggressive.

Why did the League fail over Abyssinia?
Italy was one of the leaders of the LON it was very close to the league, they wanted to keep on good side of Mussolini, he launched an attack, Britain and France failed to block of the Suez canal, but delayed oil imports by 2 months, Britain and France made the Hoare Laval Pact, which was done in secret, which would give Italy 2/3 of Abyssinia if he called off the attack, the details of this leaked to the press, in disgust at Britain and France the USA stepped up oil imports to Italy.

Also Miss Buxton .. if you happen to read this would i be right in thinking ... Paper 1 - Q1 either LON, Tov or casues of ww2, Source Question (6 mark 9 mark) Q2 same but with cold war topics and you either have a choice of Q1 or Q2??? Q3 Q4 TOV LON or Road to War Q5 Q6 Cold War, (4,6,10 marks question), and then the germany section which is a source and a question and then a 4,6,10??? Am a right? And does this mean that I can opt to not revise cold war and do Q1 either Q3 or Q4 and the germany section???
Paper 2 ... Women and the vote, Liberal reforms, Birtian in the War ... its most likely to be women and the votre isnt it? or if not liberals? I have been told not to revise Britain in the war is the right or not??

Thanks soo much!!
Sorry to be a pain
xxx

[MrJohnDClare]

This looks a GREAT way to revise, and you are doing really well.
As for your answers:
Could the treaties be justified at the time? - seems a bit shallow.

The impact of the treaties on defeated countries - you have only mentioned Germany; see http://www.bbc.co.uk...atiesrev3.shtml

Depression made league work more difficult - needs a bit more; see http://www.johndclar...of_nations8.htm

Otherwise fine.
Have you seen http://www.johndclare.net/R_Diary.htm

Iwill tell Miss Buxton that you have posted.

[Miss Buxton]

helen s, on Apr 14 2007, 10:40 PM, said:

Also Miss Buxton .. if you happen to read this would i be right in thinking ... Paper 1 - Q1 either LON, Tov or casues of ww2, Source Question (6 mark 9 mark) Q2 same but with cold war topics and you either have a choice of Q1 or Q2??? Q3 Q4 TOV LON or Road to War Q5 Q6 Cold War, (4,6,10 marks question), and then the germany section which is a source and a question and then a 4,6,10??? Am a right? And does this mean that I can opt to not revise cold war and do Q1 either Q3 or Q4 and the germany section???
Paper 2 ... Women and the vote, Liberal reforms, Birtian in the War ... its most likely to be women and the votre isnt it? or if not liberals? I have been told not to revise Britain in the war is the right or not??

Thanks soo much!!
Sorry to be a pain
xxx

I am pleased your revision is going very well.....

Section A Question 1a is a source question that covers ToV, LoN and the Road to WWII (4 marks) whereas 1b is a Explain why (6 marks).........Question 2a and b cover post 1945 Cold War onwards...............You choose to do question 1 or 2 answring both parts

Section B question 3 and 4 covers ToV, LoN and the Road to WWII...for the first section........(marks 4,6,10)
Question 5 and 6 covers post 1945 Cold War onwards (marks 4, 6, 10)
you choose to do one question answering all parts.

Section C - question 7 a, b, c (marks 6,7,7) are source questions on Germany...this question is compulsory
Question 8 or 9 are two questions (marks 4, 6, 10) on Germany.....you choose to do one, either 8 or 9 answering all parts.

I have posted the Cold War syllabus questions for Paper 1....

4. Who was to blame for the Cold War?

• Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945?
• How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948?
• How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism?
• Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR?

• The origins of the Cold War;
• the 1945 summit conferences and the breakdown of the USAUSSR alliance in 1945-6;
• Soviet expansionism in Eastern Europe;
• the Iron Curtain;
• the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan;
• the Berlin Blockade and its immediate consequences.

5. How effectively did the USA contain the spread of Communism?

• America and events in Cuba, 1959-62;
• American involvement in Vietnam.

• American reactions to the Cuban Revolution;
• the Bay of Pigs,
• the Cuban Missile Crisis.
• Reasons for America’s entry into, and increasing involvement in, the Vietnam War;
• reasons for America’s defeat in the war.

6. How secure was the USSR’s control over Eastern Europe, 1948-c.1989?

• Why was there opposition to Soviet control in Hungary in 1956 and Czechoslovakia in 1968,
• and how did the USSR react to this opposition?
• How similar were events in Hungary in 1956 and in Czechoslovakia in 1968?
• Why was the Berlin Wall built in 1961?
• How important was ’Solidarity’?
• How far was Gorbachev responsible for the collapse of Soviet control over Eastern Europe?

• Soviet power in Eastern Europe;
• resistance to Soviet power in Hungary, 1956, and
• Czechoslovakia, 1968;
• the Berlin Wall;
• ‘Solidarity’ in Poland;
• Gorbachev and the collapse of the Soviet Empire.





I have also posted past exam questions from Paper 1 section B....question 3 or 4 on Tov, Lon, Road to WWII that I typed up for my students.


Paper 1: Section B
You are advised to spend 35 minutes on this section
Answer ONE question from this section (either question 3 or 4)

2000 Exam paper
Question 3
a. What limits did the Treaty of Versailles place on Germany’s armed forces (4)
b. Explain what Wilson hoped to achieve at the Paris Peace Conference. (6)
c. How far was Clemenceau satisfied with the Treaty of Versailles? Explain your answer. (10)

Question 4
a. In what ways did Hitler increase the strength of Germany’s armed forces in the 1930s? (4)
b. Explain why the British Government appeased Germany in the 1930s. (6)
c. Did the policy of appeasement during the 1930s make war with Germany more or less likely? Explain your answer. (10)

2002 Exam paper
Question 3
a. What did Clemenceau hope to achieve from the Treaty of Versailles? (4)
b. Explain why President Wilson did not get everything he wanted from the Treaty of Versailles. (6)
c. How successful was the Treaty of Versailles up to the end of 1923? Explain your answer. (10)

Question 4
a. What were the main aims of the League of Nations? (4)
b. Some countries were not members of the League of Nations when it was set up. Explain how this weakened the League. (6)
c. How successful was the League of Nations at keeping peace in the 1920s and 1930s? Explain your answer. (10)

2003 Exam specimen paper
Question 3
a. In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles try to ensure future international peace? (4)
b. Explain what Wilson hoped to achieve at the Paris Peace Conference. (6)
c. How far was Clemenceau satisfied with the Treaty of Versailles? Explain your answer. (10)

Question 4
a. What were the main aims of the League of Nations? (4)
b. Explain why some major nations were not members of the League when it was first set up. (6)
c. ‘The most important reason why the League was weak in the 1920s was its lack of an army’. Do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. (10)


2004 Exam paper
Question 3
a. In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles weaken Germany’s armed forces? (4)
b. Explain why the terms of the Treaty of Versailles caused so much bitterness in Germany. (6)
c. How far did Clemenceau, Lloyd George and Wilson share the same aims in the peace negotiations of 1919? Explain your answer. (10)

Question 4
a. What were the main aims of the League of Nations when it was set up in 1920? (4)
b. Explain why the League of Nations failed to deal successfully with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. (6)
c. How far was the League of Nations a complete failure? Explain your answer. (10)

2005 Exam paper
Question 3
a. What did Lloyd George hope to achieve from the Treaty of Versailles? (4)
b. Explain why Germany was made to pay reparations. (6)
c. The following were all equally important reasons why Germany hated the Treaty of Versailles:
i. Limitations on its armed forces
ii. The loss of raw material and industries
iii. The loss of land
Do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer, referring only to (i), (ii) and (iii). (10)

Question 4
a. What was agreed at the Munich Conference in 1938? (4)
b. Explain why Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact in 1939. (6)
c. The following were all equally important reasons why there was a world war in 1939:
i. Hitler’s aggressive foreign policy
ii. The failure of the League of Nations
iii. The policy of appeasement
Do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer, referring only to (i), (ii) and (iii). (10)

2006 Exam paper
Question 3
a. What land did Germany lose in the Treaty of Versailles? (4)
b. Explain why the Allies punished Germany in the Treaty of Versailles. (6)
c. How satisfied were the Allied leaders with the Treaty of Versailles? Explain your answer (10)

Question 4
a. What was the structure of the League of Nations? (4)
b. Explain how the League of Nations tried to solve social problems during the 1920s and 1930s. (6)
c. How successful was the League of Nations at keeping the peace in the 1920s and 1930s? Explain your answer. (10)

Good luck with your revision

[helen s]

eyahh again,, i was wondering if you could please look over these and see if they are decent answers and where nesseasy direct me to the right answers??
Thanks soo much again

Weimar Germany
Key Question 1: Was the Weimar Republic doomed from the start?
Focus Points
How did Germany emerge from defeat in the First World War?
Germany was in a terrible state, it felt like it had been cheated on by the november criminals who signed the TOV and that the TOV was a diktat (dicated peace) because germany was not involved in the peace talks. Berlin was unstable, attacks such as the Kapp Putsch in 1920 and from left and right wing groups made the new democratic goverenmtn have to meat in Weimar.

What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on the Republic?
the new government had to take the blame for signing the TOV and german people morale was at an all time low, they lost the pride they had in their country, and many of them felt out of placed and wer displaced germans because of the terratorial terms of thr TOV. the republic couldnt afford reparations so the french in 1923 invaded the ruhr, the industrial area of germany and german workers were ordered to strike but promised they would get paid. the governm,ent couldnt afford to pay them so just printed off more money, this led to price of goods increaseing but value of money decreasing which was known as hyperinflation. many people lost life savings.

To what extent did the Republic recover after 1923?
Gustav Stressemann set up the dawes plan in 1924 in which the USA lent Germany 800 million marks so that they could start paying reparation payements to germany again. and then Br and Fr could pay back their war debts. The young plan of 1929 reduced reparations even further. (need reasons why they didnt suceed ... should it mention the ruhr???) this all went down the drain when the american stock market collapsed in 1929, this led to a world depression known as the great depression. when this happended america recalled the loans they had leant in the dawes plan so germany was in a worse state than ever.

What were the achievements of the Weimar period?
Stresseman got germany a lot during the 20s. the dawes plan reduced germanys reparations, germany became a leader of the LON in 1926, the french leave the ruhr and call of the invasion, their was economic prosperitery in germany because from the loans he made roades, houses, railways and factories, they were often known was the golden years.

Would it be possible for you to mark these and say how to improve etc..? I will keep postin answers every few days as part of my revision will be to answer them. thannks in advanse.

Exam Questions
2000 Exam paper

Question 3
a. What limits did the Treaty of Versailles place on Germany’s armed forces (4)
the army was limited to 100,000 men, they could only have 6 battleships, no airforce was allowed and no troops where allowed on the rhineland because it got demiltieresed.

b. Explain what Wilson hoped to achieve at the Paris Peace Conference. (6)
wilsons aims were based around his 14 points, which included self determination, setting up a LON, a group of countries which would work together to keep world peace and for all nataions to disarm, this would mean no countries had weapons to fight with. Wilson wanted a fair peace this is because he felt that germany did cause problems in ww1 but if the peace was too harsh germany would just seek revenge in the future. he also wanted a lasting peace because in the 20s american people wanted to stay out of european affairs because the american people where horrified at the destruction caused in ww1.

c. How far was Clemenceau satisfied with the Treaty of Versailles? Explain your answer. (10)
There are several reasons why clemenceau was and was not satisfied with the TOV. Clemeneceau was satisfied with the TOV because the reparations given to germany which were set at 6.6bn in 1921 would pay for some of the damage caused to france during the war, however, he felt that this amount of reparations wouldnt be enough for germany to pay for the damage caused to france during the war. Clemeanceau was satisfied with article 231, this was the war guilt clause which made germany accept the blame for starting the first world war, this made germanys self pride get diminished. clemeanceau however wasnt happy with the fact that Germany wasn't forced to disarm, this is because france still felt that germany was a threat to them and because they had invaded france twice in a short period of time what could stop them from doing it again. Cleameanceau was satisfied with the fact that the Rhineland has got demitlerised for german tropps, this was like a buffer zone and sort of protected france from germany.

Question 4
a. In what ways did Hitler increase the strength of Germany’s armed forces in the 1930s? (4)
He started remaring in secret, the naval agreement with britain increased the size of germanies navies, increased airforce, which was banned under tov.

b. Explain why the British Government appeased Germany in the 1930s. (6)
Chamberlain feared that there was going to be another war and the British people did not want another war because many still had the horrors of ww1 in their heads. He also beileved that the LON could solve the problem. Mnay people by this time did feel that the treaty of versailles was unfair on germany so many people felt that they should give hitler what he wanted, some were also scared of the threat of communism. Also in 1938 britain wasnt prepared for war, it wanted extra time to get prepared.

c. Did the policy of appeasement during the 1930s make war with Germany more or less likely? Explain your answer. (10)
Appeasment made war more likely because it showed that Britain by appeasing hitler were giving into his demands and were doing anything to avoid an inevitable war. Although, the british people were not ready for a war in 1938 a year later a war occured and appeasmtnet was a way of delaying this way. It made war less likely because people where starting to sympathise with hitler because they themselves thought that the TOV was harsh and thought if they give him something he would be satisfied and wouldnt want anything else. (need more points on this not sure what i need to do?)

2002 Exam paper
Question 3
a. What did Clemenceau hope to achieve from the Treaty of Versailles? (4)
Clemenceau wanted to cripple germany, it was the 2nd invasion germany had had on france in 50 years and he wanted to make sure it couldnt happen again, he wanted to make germany pay for the damage caused to france during the war.

b. Explain why President Wilson did not get everything he wanted from the Treaty of Versailles. (6)
Wilson did not acheive all of his aims which were based around the 14 points. He did not acheive the aim of disarming all nations because all countires wanted some kind of arms incase they needed them. Colonies also were all handed over to be run by the LON as mandates and wilson felt that overall the treaty was to harsh on germany and they would want revenge because of it, he felt that the reparations would cripple germany.

c. How successful was the Treaty of Versailles up to the end of 1923? Explain your answer. (10)
need help with this one please!!

Question 4
a. What were the main aims of the League of Nations? (4)
Stop war, improve living and working conditions, disarmamaent, enforce the TOv.

b. Some countries were not members of the League of Nations when it was set up. Explain how this weakened the League. (6)
The USA was not member of the LON this was because the ameircans were horrified of the consequences of WW1 and wanted europe to deal with their own problems and so they wanted to stay out of european affairs they did this by adopting a policy of isolationism. this weakended the elague because if the league imposed economic sanctions the country could alsways trade with the USA. Russia was not allowed to join the LON because it was communist and the whole of europe was not meant to be communist, this however weakened this league because if countires started turning communist then Russia would be the trigger and also the fact that germany was not allowed to join the league, after ww1 and the horrors of that, meant that it could turn to communism.

c. How successful was the League of Nations at keeping peace in the 1920s and 1930s? Explain your answer. (10)
the LON was succesful in solving the Aaland Island crisis of 1921, this was when finland and sweedan argued over which country should rule the islands, they league decided to give it to finland. In 1923 the lon sorted out the corfu crisis, they condemmed mussoloni for his actions and the greeks had to pay money t the league. hwoever such invasions in the 1930 like abysinnia were big failures for the LON, the leafue secretly gave part of abysinna to italy through the hoare laval pact, and news of this leaked to the press and the leaders were sacked. also because of britain and france self interest they would not block of the suez canal and did not stop oil trade, this made the usa angry and even more keen to trade with italy. the lon also failed because the disarmament talks in the 1920s failed even britain pulled out. i know its not enough for 10 marks but stuck what else to write

Thanks a milliooon
xxx

[Miss Buxton]

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eyahh again,, i was wondering if you could please look over these and see if they are decent answers and where nesseasy direct me to the right answers??
Thanks soo much again

Weimar Germany
Key Question 1: Was the Weimar Republic doomed from the start?
Focus Points
How did Germany emerge from defeat in the First World War?
Germany was in a terrible state, it felt like it had been cheated on by the november criminals who signed the TOV and that the TOV was a diktat (dicated peace) because germany was not involved in the peace talks. Berlin was unstable, attacks such as the Kapp Putsch in 1920 and from left and right wing groups made the new democratic goverenmtn have to meat in Weimar.

you need to develop your answers by explaining how Germany was in a terrible state - starvation, hunger, mutiny, uprisings. You need to EXPLAIN points in much more detail. Mention the abdication of the Kaiser, Armistice. Discuss the early problems of the Weimar Republic, Ebert.....the right and left uprisings...the weak constitution.

Make a POINT, EXPLAIN give EVIDENCE. PEE.........your answers need to be more developed.
http://www.johndclare.net/Weimar2.htm

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What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on the Republic?
the new government had to take the blame for signing the TOV and german people morale was at an all time low, they lost the pride they had in their country, and many of them felt out of placed and wer displaced germans because of the terratorial terms of thr TOV. the republic couldnt afford reparations so the french in 1923 invaded the ruhr, the industrial area of germany and german workers were ordered to strike but promised they would get paid. the governm,ent couldnt afford to pay them so just printed off more money, this led to price of goods increaseing but value of money decreasing which was known as hyperinflation. many people lost life savings.

See here for how the Germans reacted to the Treaty. http://www.johndclar...e_treaties5.htm

Angry, humiliation.......diktat.........loss of territory meant they lost 10% of land, they lost valuable farmland and coalfields which damaged the economy further meaning they could not repay the reparations........etc......

I'll try and comment on the rest later.as I have to teach shortly!

[helen s]

aww thanks much appicated xxx

[helen s]

Could you look over these if posssible?

2003 Exam specimen paper
Question 3
a. In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles try to ensure future international peace? (4)
put limits on germanies armed forces (100,000 men army) to stop them being seen as a threat by other countires, they set up a league of nations which was Woodrow wilsons idea, also one of the terms of the TOV was for all nations to disarm.

b. Explain what Wilson hoped to achieve at the Paris Peace Conference. (6)
Woodrow Wilson and the American people felt that they had lost lots of casultiies during the war and wanted a fair and lasting peace, so that germany does no they did wrong but so that it wont cripple them so much that they would want revenge in the future. Wilson based his aims around 14 points, which included disarming all nations and setting up a league of nations, also he wanted to free all seas.

c. How far was Clemenceau satisfied with the Treaty of Versailles? Explain your answer. (10)
Clemenceau was happy with the treaty because of Article 231, this made Germany take the blame for all the damage done during the war and for starting the war. He liked this because it made Germany swallow its pride. He also liked the idea that they had to pay reparations because France had suffered badly during ww1 and using the money from the reparations he could try and rebuild some of France. He was also satisfied that Germany wasn’t invited to join the LON because during the war they had been seen that they cannot be trusted. The fact that the November criminals were forced to sign the treaty satisfied Clemenceau because he felt a bit more secure. The idea that the Rhineland was to be remiterised also satisfied him because it was like a buffer zone between france and germany. He was also pleased with the fact that alsance lorriane got returned to france. However, Clemenceau wasn’t entirely happy with the treaty. this was because he felt that germany wasn’t treaty harsh enough. He felt they hadn’t seen how much the war had destroyed France and the French people. He felt that the reparations, set at ₤6.6bn in 1921 were not enough to cover the cost of the damage cuased to france during the war. He also felt that because it was the second time germany had invaded france in 50 years, what could stop them doing so again?. So I believe to a certain extent Clemenceau was satisfied with the TOV, because he gained territory and got some money back for the damage caused by Germany during the war, and the fact that Germany had to accept the blame for the war, however he wasn’t entirely happy because He felt that the treaty hadn’t crippled Germany enough.

Question 4
a. What were the main aims of the League of Nations? (4)
Stop war, improve living and working conditions, enforce tov, disarmament.

b. Explain why some major nations were not members of the League when it was first set up. (6)
The USA was not a member of the LON because during the 1920s it adopted a policy of isolationism, which was because of the American peoples response to the horrors of ww1, they didn’t want to get involved in European affairs, so they did not become a member of the LON. Germany was not invited to be a member of the LON until 1926, because it had to prove to the rest of the world that it can be trusted and be a peace loving nation which it clearly wasn’t after people saw the true horror of ww1. Russia were not member of the LoN because they were communist and the LON did not want to have communist views nor did they want communism to spread over europe.

c. ‘The most important reason why the League was weak in the 1920s was its lack of an army’. Do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. (10)
The league of nations was weak because it didn’t have an army. This meant that if the league wanted to impose military sanctions on a country, they had no actual army to send into that country, unless Britain France Japan or Italy sent their own troops which they did not want to do. For incidents such as corfu in 1923 and Bulgaria in 1925, this made the LoN look weak. However, lack of an army is not the only reason why the LON was weak in 1920s. another reason was that major powers were missing, for example the USA. So if the LON imposed economic sanctions onto a country that country could always just go and trade with the USA so it made the sanctions ineffective. It also means that if countries like germany wernt a member they could do what they want and not listen to what the league said. Another reason that the league was weak was the fact that some countries were beginning to see that the TOV was actually unfair on germany and so they started to symathise with the germany people. So in conclusion, the lack of an army along with other factors, such as absent powers, ineffective sanctions and unfair tov all contributed to the fact that the LON was weak in the 20s.

And another quick question, have you got any past questions from the section c germany if you do it :S sowi to be a pain

thanks again xxxx