[sally ding]

hi. i've been revising cold war section for igcse history paper 1.
i came across some questions that i couldn't answer on different websites.
hoping someone may be able to help me?

what are the differences between marshall aid/ truman doctrine?
and is marshall aid just another name for marshall plan? or are they two different things?
what are some of the questions i might get asked regarding this? because i dont really have much notes on this.


and i've read out of my text books that president truman adopted a 'get tough' attitude towards stalin- why?
was it because stalin was taking control of the eastern european countries and spreading communism?

was there any ways that truman WAS NOT hostil to stalin and the ussr?

also, what does it mean by 'the breakdown of the USA-USSR alliance in 1945-6?'
were they allies in WW2 both of them attacking germany?

please help!!
thank you!!!

[MrJohnDClare]

sally ding, on Nov 1 2008, 02:59 AM, said:

what are the differences between marshall aid/ truman doctrine?
and is marshall aid just another name for marshall plan? or are they two different things?

The Truman Doctrine was the declaration, in March 1947, by Truman, that he was going to stop Communism advaning any further ('containment', theough Truman did not use the actual word).
The Marshall Plan was how he proposed to do it - Truman sent General Marshall to Europe to see what was needed and Marshall came back and in June 1947 he said that $17m was needed to get Europe going again.
The US Senate didn't want to give so much money away, so they dragged their heels, but then in March 1948 Czechoslovakia went Communist and they were jolted into action. They cleared the money and Marshall Aid - the actual help itself - was doled out over the next few years.
So:
Doctrine - the promise
Plan - the proposal
Aid - the presentation
http://www.johndclar...t/cold_war8.htm

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and i've read out of my text books that president truman adopted a 'get tough' attitude towards stalin- why? was it because stalin was taking control of the eastern european countries and spreading communism?

Yes. Truman was the new president and he reckoned that Roosevelt had been duped by Stalin, and that Stalin had got too powerful.

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was there any ways that truman WAS NOT hostil to stalin and the ussr?

Good question. They held the Potsdam Conference. The war was not yet over in the far east, of course, and the USA and the USSR HAD to work together. So the Potsdam Conference in July 1945 still had to grapple with the problem of how to settle Europe now Hitler was defeated. So they HAD to cooperate, talk together. But Potsdam was a bad-tempered affair.
http://www.johndclar...t/cold_war4.htm

Quote

also, what does it mean by 'the breakdown of the USA-USSR alliance in 1945-6?' were they allies in WW2 both of them attacking germany?

Yes. During the war the USA and the USSR were allie to defeat Hitler. When he was defeated, they were freed to fall out with each other.
http://www.johndclare.net/cold_war3.htm

[sally ding]

Wasn't Truman hostile to the USSR in Potsdam Conference?
Even though they were forced to work together because they had no other choice,
I thought that they 'openly disagreed with each other' and kind of showed they didn't like each other?
Am I Wrong?

Were there any other ways that Truman was not hostile to the USSR?

[MrJohnDClare]

sally ding, on Nov 1 2008, 09:27 AM, said:

Wasn't Truman hostile to the USSR in Potsdam Conference?
Even though they were forced to work together because they had no other choice,
I thought that they 'openly disagreed with each other' and kind of showed they didn't like each other?
Am I Wrong?

You are right.

Quote

Were there any other ways that Truman was not hostile to the USSR?

Not that I know of.

[sally ding]

Thank you so much by the way!
It sorted out my confusion over truman doctrine/ marshall plan completely!
This is a great site